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Eurygnathohippus feibeli is a small African species of hipparionine horse that is known from Ethiopia, Kenya, and Libya from the latest Miocene to the early Pliocene. It is characterized by generally primitive and moderately hypsodont maxillary cheek teeth but advanced, elongate distal limb elements. This study focused on developing our understanding of the evolution of paleodiet in the...
In this paper, a new species of Vasseuromys, V. bergasensis sp. nov., from the locality of Bergasa (Ebro Basin, Spain), is described. Bergasa contains a fauna belonging to the Late Oligocene (zone MP30), composed—among other species—of Issiodoromys pseudanaema and Rhodanomys transiens. The main diagnostic features of V. bergasensis sp. nov. are the presence of a long centrolophid (fused or not to...
Apocricetus Freudenthal et al. (Treballs del Museu de Geologia de Barcelona 7: 11–93, 1998) is a medium to large Cricetinae, practically without mesolophids in the m1 and m2, with long third molars; anterior and posterior protolophule are present and the posterior metalophule is reduced or absent. Apocricetusbarrierei (Mein and Michaux Comptes Rendus Academie de Sciences de Paris D 270: 2780–2783,...
A fossil of a colonial organism with pyritized soft tissues of elongated fusiform zooids, found in the middle part of the early Floian Fenxiang Formation in Hubei Province of China, probably represents the oldest reliable record of a hydroid cnidarian. The preservation of the fossil is sufficiently different from that of associated carbonized skeletons of graptolites to exclude affinities with this...
Three trepostome bryozoan species are described from the Upper Ordovician Zahořany Formation of Loděnice, Prague Basin, Czech Republic. One genus is new—Lodenicella gen. nov. One species is described in open nomenclature. The described fauna contains ramose colonies or ramose branched projections from encrusting tubular-shaped colonies which inhabited shallow environment with moderate wave energy...
The discovery of new specimens and restudy of known collections result in revision of the disparid crinoid genus Storthingocrinus, known from the Middle Devonian of Europe and Asia. High ecophenotypic plasticity of the common S. fritillus negates the validity of several former subspecies and demonstrates the general morphologic variability of the cup proportions. This requires the definition of interspecific...
During the last decade, three-dimensional, digital models have become increasingly important in geosciences and in particular in palaeontological research. Although significant advances in hard- and software technology have facilitated the acquisition and creation of such models, the presentation of three-dimensional data is still greatly handicapped by the traditionally two-dimensional means of publication...
Two partial postcranial skeletons from the Lower Muschelkalk (early Anisian) of Winterswijk, The Netherlands, are described in detail. The specimens were assigned to basal Pistosauroidea, presumably to cf. Cymatosaurus or a closely related taxon. Cymatosaurus is currently the earliest member of the Pistosauroidea and is only known from skull material. Taxonomical assignment is based on humerus morphology...
The rosetted trace fossil Dactyloidites ottoi (Geinitz, 1849) is discussed based on new occurrences from the Cenomanian Regensburg Formation (glauconitic sandstones, Bavaria) and on a careful re-description of the type material and other specimens from quartz-rich sandstones of the Cenomanian Oberhäslich Formation of Saxony. The feeding trace consists of a fan-shaped spreiten structure originating...
Megachirella wachtleri Renesto et Posenato, 2003, a well preserved partial reptile skeleton from the Middle Triassic of the Dolomites (N. Italy), was originally considered a lepidosauromorph, but no phylogenetic analysis was carried out. Consequently, the taxon was overlooked in later phylogenetic analyses of the Diapsida. Here, the holotype and only known specimen of M. wachtleri is redescribed,...
A new species of gobioid fish Pirskenius Obrhelová, 1961 (P. radoni sp. nov.) is described from Oligocene strata of the České Středohoří Mountains and compared with related species. The new species is characterized by a unique combination of characters that allow it to be separated from P. diatomaceus Obrhelová, 1961. The taxonomic position of the genus Pirskenius is discussed, and its affinity to...
The holotype of the eurypterid Alkenopterus burglahrensis from the Lower Devonian (Siegenian) of the Westerwald area (Rhineland-Palatinate, SW Germany) is re-examined. In contrast to a previous concept, this species has flattened distal podomeres seven and eight and a movable flattened spine on the seventh podomere of the sixth prosomal appendage (podomere VI-7a). Based on the presence of such a slender...
The fishes of the genus Aspidorhynchus (Aspidorhynchidae) are among the most abundant predators in the palaeolagoons of the Solnhofen archipelago (Late Jurassic, southern Germany). They have been known since the end to the nineteenth century and the last revision of the genus was published more than 20 years ago. During these last two decades, numerous complete and excellently preserved specimens...
Although skeletal remains of the iconic oldest known avialian Archaeopteryx have been known for almost 150 years, several aspects of the cranial anatomy of this taxon have remained enigmatic, mainly because of the strongly flattened and often fractured and incomplete nature of available skull materials. New investigation of the skulls of the recently described, excellently preserved tenth (Thermopolis)...
The male of Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) bolontikui sp. nov., from the Miocene Mexican amber deposits of Simojovel, Chiapas, is described. This is the second fossil phlebotomine sand fly described from Mexico. Morphological differences between fossil and extant species of American phlebotomine sand flies are discussed.
Südkamp (Paläontologische Zeitschrift 81:181–204, 2007: 198; Figs. 15A, B) described and figured the diplobathrid camerate crinoid Acanthocrinus spinosus n. sp. from the lower Devonian Hunsrück Slate of Karschheck quarry near Oberkirn, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. However, this name is preoccupied by Rhodocrinus (=Acanthocrinus Goldring 1926) spinosus Hall 1862 and therefore is invalid. A replacement...
Icriocarcininae Števčić, 2005, an extinct North American subfamily of portunoid decapods, is elevated to family level to contain two Late Cretaceous genera—Icriocarcinus Bishop, 1988, from the Pacific Coast, and Branchiocarcinus Feldmann and Vega, 1995, from the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Coast Plain. The family is centered on Icriocarcinus xestos Bishop, 1988, described from the Late Campanian of...
A slightly crushed but otherwise nearly complete specimen of the recently described rhombiferan echinoderm genus Vizcainoia Zamora and Smith, 2012 is documented from the “Middle” Cambrian Jince Formation of the Příbram–Jince Basin of the Czech Republic. Isolated thecal plates, earlier determined as calyx plates of the eocrinoid Acanthocystites briareus Barrande, 1887 and/or as eocrinoid sp., occurring...
Chicago Field Museum FMNH P-12343 includes a cranium and dentary of a late Eocene archaeocete whale. These were acquired from the commercial fossil dealer Friedrich Kranz of Bonn in 1914–1915, after being collected by Richard Markgraf in Fayum, Egypt. Both were regarded as a single specimen identified in museum records as Prozeuglodon osiris. However, the cranium and dentary differ in preservation...
Here we report, for the first time, a very rich and diversified sponge assemblage from late Early Miocene deposits of a central part of the Vienna Basin (Paratethys) in Slovakia. Bodily preserved sponges are described as a new genus and species Paracinachyrella fossilis (Tetiliidae, Demospongiae). Dissociated spicules reveal the presence of the “soft” demosponges that belong to families Tetillidae,...
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